One of our readers, Paul Hennessey, has asked me to post some thoughts he'd like to share about the abortion question. We welcome comments, but ask again that they be offered in the spirit of healthy dialogue, keeping kindness in mind above all.
Abortion is very much in the news today because of the several bishops who would withhold communion from those politicians who have voted in such a way as to be considered pro-choice. Aside from the politics of it, and the normal revulsion to the procedure, thought should be given to the actual theological status of abortion from a catholic perspective.
First, it is obvious that abortion is the taking of life. But, we must consider what kind of life. Swatting a fly, catching a mouse in the kitchen, or slaughtering a pig are everyday takings of life and are considered perfectly moral. Also, the removal of an appendix or a wart; both living human tissues, raises no issues of morality.
However, for a catholic, the killing of a human person is the killing of a life that has an immortal soul – a soul that was destined by God to spend eternity with Him in heaven. Neither the appendix nor the wart has an immortal soul. So, the next question is: Does the human fetus have an immortal soul, and if so, when does it get it.
Few Catholics would question the presence of the soul in the fetus at advanced stage of development. But, consider the millions of fetuses that are aborted naturally with much sorrow and regret. Is it God’s plan to have an immortal soul in all these fetuses? We don’t really know.
St. Augustine speculated that “ensoulment” took place at about five months. St. Thomas Aquinas felt it maybe three months. The point is that they didn’t know. And today, we still don’t know, because we can’t know. The soul is as much a mystery as is the Sacred Body and Blood at communion. We believe fervently, but knowing is a different thing.
Which brings up the next question: If we, the church, the people of God can’t know the time of ensoulment, how can we, the church, maintain dogmatically that from the moment of conception, we are speaking of a human being with an immortal soul? Is there not room for discussion and perhaps more than a single opinion?
The church has been in error before on matters which they did not know and which they held dogmatically. Consider the question of whether the sun rotates around the earth or visa-versa. Galileo was imprisoned for his thoughts on this, and the church was not only going to deny him communion, but was also ready to burn him at the stake.
We do need to let in some fresh air and have some thoughtful discussions.
PMH
4-14-04